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Post by King Kodiak on Jan 16, 2020 20:06:35 GMT -5
Evidence for a black bear, Ursus americanus, killing an adult (female) moose, Alces alces .. Adult female black bears do prey on moose calves, but such predation attempts are potentially risky and a defensive cow moose can be dangerous prey for much smaller adult female black bears [51]. Such predation attempts are likely less risky for the much larger adult male black bears, and adult male black bears can even prey successfully on adult cow moose [52], so a black bear population with a lower proportion of adult males would be expected to exert less predation pressure on moose. That predation pressure differed between the two areas was also consistent with the marked differences in defensive behavior exhibited by cows in the 2 study areas . The black bear is reported to commonly prey on neonate and young cervids such as elk (Schlegel 1976), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (Ozoga and Verme 1982), caribou (Rangifer tarandus) (Mahoney et al. 1990), and moose (Ballard et al. 1979, Ballard et al. 1990, Ballard 1992). Though black bears are generally not considered to be successful predators of adult ungulates (Ballard 1992 ), a radiocollared adult male black bear killed an adult female moose in our study area in northern Ontario (Austin et al. 1994), and black bears were implicated in the deaths of adult caribou in Labrador (Veitch and Krizan 1996). Nevertheless, most predatory encounters between black bears and ungulates probably involve bears attacking neonate ungulates. ... Adult female black bears do prey on moose calves, but a defensive cow moose can be dangerous prey for the much smaller adult female black bears ( Obbard et al. 2000). Such predation attempts are likely less risky for the much larger adult male black bears that can even prey successfully on adult cow moose ( Austin et al. 1994). Therefore, a black bear population with a smaller proportion of adult males might exert less predation pressure on the moose population. ... www.researchgate.net/publication/275023408_Evidence_for_a_black_bear_Ursus_americanus_killing_an_adult_moose_Alces_alces
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Post by King Kodiak on Jan 26, 2020 15:26:26 GMT -5
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Post by tom on Jan 26, 2020 16:13:28 GMT -5
Russian Boar is a tough out for anything. Must have been one helluva battle.
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Post by King Kodiak on Jan 30, 2020 5:50:09 GMT -5
Russian Boar is a tough out for anything. Must have been one helluva battle. Yeah, it was a 40 minute battle. The black bear was seriously injured. The boar broke a tusk.
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Post by brobear on Feb 11, 2020 4:43:47 GMT -5
Reply #266 - Great find here Kodiak. The much underestimated black bear can now take a bow to acknowledge applause. I will edit and add: Here in the Southeast, especially coastal Georgia, wild hogs ( razorbacks ) are fairly common; some rare individuals really big. A great many people, especially "hog hunters" believe that black bears routinely hunt and kill wild hogs. They find evidence; but nothing that they can carry out of the woods to show anyone... and show who?
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Post by King Kodiak on Feb 11, 2020 5:55:04 GMT -5
Reply #266 - Great find here Kodiak. The much underestimated black bear can now take a bow to acknowledge applause. I will edit and add: Here in the Southeast, especially coastal Georgia, wild hogs ( razorbacks ) are fairly common; some rare individuals really big. A great many people, especially "hog hunters" believe that black bears routinely hunt and kill wild hogs. They find evidence; but nothing that they can carry out of the woods to show anyone... and show who? Thanks. Yeah, sometimes we get these isolated accounts of black bears killing a wild boar, or a domestic pic, or other ungulates. Black bears are underrated.
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Post by brobear on Feb 11, 2020 7:01:27 GMT -5
This has been posted before; but its good stuff: Bears typically kill using brute force and do not seem to exhibit any stereotyped killing postures or behaviours as seen in canids and felids (R. Boertje, pers. comm.; J. Hechtel, pers. comm.). Polar bears and brown bears have been observed to attack their prey both with bites and crushing forepaw slaps, apparently to whatever region of the prey’s body is accessible (Murie, 1985; Boertje et al., 1988; Case & Stevenson, 1991; M. Ramsay, pers. comm; J. Hechtel, pers. comm.). Sacco, T. and Van Valkenburgh, B. (2004), Ecomorphological indicators of feeding behaviour in the bears (Carnivora: Ursidae). Journal of Zoology, 263: 41–54. shaggygod.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=generalinfo&action=display&thread=653
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Post by King Kodiak on Feb 11, 2020 16:58:49 GMT -5
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Post by brobear on Feb 12, 2020 4:40:09 GMT -5
~ The Bear Almanac ~ Brown bear uses speed to run down prey; charges in great, leaping bounds ( while uttering a deep roar ); rears up in fight to grasp head or neck with teeth; swings powerful forepaws, with enormous body strength behind them.
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Post by Deleted on Mar 8, 2020 18:21:56 GMT -5
Is there any account of a wild bear ( other than brown ) killing an ussuri boar in the wild
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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 8, 2020 18:47:56 GMT -5
Is there any account of a wild bear ( other than brown ) killing an ussuri boar in the wild Yeah, reply # 266 above in this page.
BLACK BEAR KILLS A RUSSIAN WILD BOAR IN TENNESSEE IN A FEROCIOUS 40 MINUTE BATTLE.
domainofthebears.proboards.com/post/24583/thread
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Post by Deleted on Mar 8, 2020 18:49:35 GMT -5
yeah but is it wild or a pitted fight I cant really understand
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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 8, 2020 18:54:01 GMT -5
yeah but is it wild or a pitted fight I cant really understand In the wild. "The scene of the battle was atop Wautcheeche mountain" (east Tennessee, USA). They have Ussuri wild boar there in the wild.
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Post by Deleted on Mar 8, 2020 18:55:13 GMT -5
Ahh ok cool
But how did a russian wild boar get to Tennessee
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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 8, 2020 18:59:29 GMT -5
Ahh ok cool But how did a russian wild boar get to Tennessee Wild Boar Hunting Nothing beats the pure adrenaline rush of going one on one with a big wild boar. Come challenge the fierce temper of a Russian or Razorback wild boar. Our boar herd is carefully managed to allow only the best trophies to be taken. Nature has provided Wilderness Hunting Lodge with hills, hollows, thickets, and more hills making it ideal for the wild boar habitat and hunt. Our wild boar populations are strictly managed with Russian boar and Razorback boar stock. wildernesshuntinglodge.com/tennessee-boar-hunting/
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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 8, 2020 19:03:46 GMT -5
Here is how Russian wild boar ended up in the wild in Tennessee:East Tennessee and the History of the Russian Boar In 1912 Gordon brought to this preserve 14 true wild boar from the Ural Mountains of Russia. These hogs are the reason that people in North America refer to European and Eurasian wild boar as “Russians”. These animals of Gordon’s soon escaped this fenced preserve and moved into the Cherokee National Forest region of East Tennessee. boarhuntingtn.com/russian-boar/
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Post by brobear on Mar 25, 2020 20:28:42 GMT -5
wildfact.com/forum/topic-bears-as-predators?pid=111547#pid111547 Bears as Predators ~ By Panthera10 - Predator-prey relationships between rocky mountain elk and black bears in northern New Mexico. Abstract We conducted a 4-year study (2009–2012) evaluating the role of predation and nutrition in limiting the productivity of an elk (Cervus elaphus) population in northern New Mexico. In the years leading up to the initiation of the study, we observed low (<25:100) calf:cow ratios, suggesting calf recruitment was lower than desired. We sought to identify the reason for low recruitment by assessing the role of predation and nutrition in the population. We captured and fixed ear-tag radio transmitters to 245 elk calves (126M, 119F) to determine cause specific mortality. We quantified summer calf survival using Program MARK and annual survival using Cox Proportional Hazards models. During the second half of our study, we implemented spring black bear (Ursus americanus) harvest that included supplemental take by New Mexico Department of Game and Fish personnel and evaluated the response in calf survival. Across all years of our study we quantified how risk of mortality varied for juvenile elk both spatially and temporally by comparing the landscape surrounding black bear and mountain lion predation sites to sites where elk calves were captured. Simultaneously, we captured 9 black bears in 2011 and 2012 and equipped them with Global Positioning System (GPS) collars to quantify patterns of landscape use. Global positioning collars deployed on black bears obtained multiple locations per day and we evaluated bear habitat use in relation to presence of elk calves on the landscape. We also assessed the nutritional condition of adult female elk by quantifying herd-wide percent ingesta-free body fat (IFBF) and pregnancy rates. To achieve this, sport hunters harvested adult female elk from autumn through winter 2009–2012. We estimated autumn ingesta-free body fat (IFBF) using the Kistner subset score when possible (n = 1,130) or the kidney fat mass method (n = 284) when the Kistner score was not possible. We developed a set of models to explain IFBF of females through autumn and winter. The primary cause of death for calves across all years was black bear predation (57 of 140 non-anthropogenic mortalities). Predation was the primary cause of death for juveniles during their first 3 weeks of life, resulting in 84 of 92 non-anthropogenic mortalities. During this time, black bears were the primary predator (n = 49), but coyotes (Canis latrans, n = 26) and mountain lions (Puma concolor, n = 4) were also predators. Black bear and mountain lion predation sites had higher percent canopy cover (64%, 95% CI=0.531–0.741) than capture sites (19%, 95% CI=0.152–0.220). For every 1% increase in canopy cover, a site was approximately 2 times more likely to be a black bear or mountain lion predation site than a capture site. We suspect that increased predation pressure in the forest edge environment likely influenced selective pressure on maternal elk to choose more open habitats postpartum because they were less risky for juvenile elk early in life. Annual calf survival was greater when spring black bear harvest was moderate to heavy (0.44–0.47) compared to low (0.33–0.35). For every additional bear harvested in spring, radio-tagged elk calves were 2.6% more likely to survive the summer. Though black bear predation is typically considered an additive form of mortality, when we only considered Ursid predation patterns we observed this predation on calves to be dependent on the size of the calf (P = 0.0403, P = 0.00251). This size-dependent predation suggests that ursid predation on elk calves may not have been entirely additive during our study. Black bears fixed with GPS-collars used a variety of vegetation types, demonstrating the generalist nature of black bears in New Mexico. Despite having a small sample size of GPS-collared bears during the calving season (n = 4), we found that black bears tended to have smaller home ranges that overlapped the calving area to a greater extent during the calving season compared to other seasons. This suggests that it is possible that black bears are keying in on elk calves during the calving period. Adult female elk were harvested by sport hunters from October through March 2009– 2012 (n = 1,808). Across years and age classes 82% (SE = 1%) of females were pregnant. Pregnancy rate was greatest for prime aged (2–14 years) females (88%, SE = 1%) and lower for young (<2 years, 11%, SE = 4%) and senescent (>14 years, 47%, SE = 5%) females (χ2 = 267.3, P < 0.001). Our herd-wide estimate of autumn IFBF was 11.41% (SE = 0.19) but varied by age class, pregnancy status, and lactation status. Prime-aged females that were pregnant had greater autumn IFBF (12.51%, SE = 0.51%) than females that were not pregnant (9.95%, SE = 0.21; F1,725 = 88.09; P < 0.001). Ingesta-free body fat decreased as winter progressed (F1,1408 = 58.37; P<0.001), with body fat being an average of 1.29% lower during winter than autumn, but this also depended upon age class and lactation status. We found that IFBF was best explained by a model incorporating both environmental (winter severity and harvest unit) and biological (pregnancy status, lactation status, herd-wide calf survival, and age) covariates. The range of variables deemed significant underscores the importance of considering multiple factors that may influence a large herbivore population and IFBF of adult females in particular. Simple models (those with a single predictor variable) performed worse than models that were more complex, suggesting that IFBF is influenced by a combination of environmental and biological factors. Low calf recruitment despite adequate condition and nutrition of adult females in the study area suggested that substantial black bear predation was limiting population productivity. Despite observing black bear predation that may have been partially compensatory, when spring bear harvest was heavy calves were 1.5 (95% CI = 0.97–2.32) times more likely to die compared to when black bears were heavily harvested (P = 0.068). Results from our study suggest that productivity could be increased by implementing a spring black bear harvest strategy, targeting hunting or removal efforts near calving areas. However, we were unable to sustain higher spring black bear harvest with hunter effort alone. We recommend that a combination of analysis of IFBF on hunter harvested adult female elk and an assessment of cause-specific neonatal survival can be used to assess the limiting nature of predation and nutrition in many settings. www.researchgate.net/publication/314079225_Predator-prey_relationships_between_rocky_mountain_elk_and_black_bears_in_northern_New_Mexico
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Post by OldGreenGrolar on Jun 4, 2020 5:45:30 GMT -5
brobear, the barren ground grizzly bears seem to have narrower skulls than other brown bears because they are more carnivorous. I believe the Californian grizzly bear too might have a narrower skull because 85% of its diet is carnivorous.
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Post by OldGreenGrolar on Jun 4, 2020 5:47:21 GMT -5
The Ussuri brown bear also has a more elongated skull than the Kamkatcha brown bear.
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Post by King Kodiak on Jun 4, 2020 10:04:54 GMT -5
Where did you read that 85% of its diet was carnivorous? That might be too much, the California grizzly was still mostly omnivorous. Most brown bears are 10-20 % carnivorous. This was his diet see:
The bears were omnivorous with a diet that included grasses, seeds, berries, roots, nuts, acorns, small and large mammals including elk and deer, fish and carrion including beached whale carcasses.
www.bearconservation.org.uk/california-grizzly-bear-extinct/
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