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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 14, 2019 16:13:56 GMT -5
JAPANESE BLACK BEAR (URSUS THIBETANUS JAPONICUS) The Japanese black bear (Ursus thibetanus japonicus) is a subspecies of the Asian black bear that lives on three main islands of Japan: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu. There are said to be 10,000 black bears on Japan. The population of black bears on Shikoku and Kyushu may be endangered or extinct. There is a high price on bear parts in the black market, which threatens all bear populations in Japan. This particular species of bear are typically smaller with males only reaching 60–120 kilograms (130–260 lb) and females only weighing about 40–100 kilograms (88–220 lb). Their body length is about 120–140 centimetres (47–55 in) long. Diet These bears are typically herbivorous, eating mainly grasses and herbs during the spring. During the summer, they switch to berries and nuts to feed themselves for their hibernation. The bear is able to get the berries and nuts by climbing trees and using their claws to grab the food. These animals can be omnivorous and eat other wild animals and livestock when there is a need.[1] Like other bears, cannibalism occurs, as has been demonstrated when bone fragments and claws of a cub were found inside the stomach of a male black bear. Habitat The bears live on three Japanese islands: Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. They can be found in the northeastern high snow region and the southwestern low snow region however, they have been spotted as high as the alpine region more than 3,000 meters high. They tend to live in areas where there is an abundance of grasses and trees with berries to support their diet.[1] en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_black_bear
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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 14, 2019 16:16:50 GMT -5
JAPANESE BLACK BEAR
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Post by brobear on Dec 27, 2019 8:48:02 GMT -5
www.bearsoftheworld.net/japanese_black_bears.asp Like other Asiatic black bears, the Japanese black bear (Ursus thibetanus japonicus) usually has a pale yellow crescent marking on its chest. In Japan, it is also known as tsukinowaguma which means moon circle bear. Japanese Black Bear HABITAT Eastern Honshu is the only place in Japan where the black bears have any kind of a stronghold. The bears' home range is supposedly between 10 and 15 square miles, though this can vary depending on food supply and human encroachment. The more fragmented and degraded the bears' habitat becomes, the more distance they may be forced to travel to survive. The bears in the mountainous areas hibernate where there is snow on the ground for most of the winter. The snow helps to keep them warm by serving as an insulating blanket over their dens. Black bears are excellent climbers. They build nests in trees and on steep slopes, called enza in Japanese, that they use for either eating, resting or sleeping in. They also den in hollow trees, under large rocks, or in the ground. CHARACTERISTICS Other than the fact that they are a bit smaller, Japanese black bears appear very much like the average Asian black bear. On average, they measure between 43 and 60 inches in length and weigh between 130 and 260 pounds. Females measure approximately 75 percent the size of males. Most Japanese black bears are nocturnal. However, this has partially to do with location and the fact that the bears tend to avoid humans. DIET The Japanese black bears feed mainly on plant material year round. Depending on the time of year, their diet consists of acorns, beechnuts, oak nuts, green shoots, cherries, ants and other insects. Acorns are the most essential food to the bears in the fall, providing them with sufficient body fat before going into hibernation. The Japanese black bear is an omnivorous creature. It will eat small animals such as frogs, lizards, crabs and carrion. However, it seldom hunts animals and feeds mainly on vegetation. Something else that black bears in Japan do is gnaw off bark to get to the sapwood of valuable timber trees. Unfortunately, this damages and can even kill the trees, having a negative impact on the timber industry. Numerous bears are killed every year in attempt to reduce the problem. BREEDING Females mature between 3 and 4 years of age. Breeding season is anywhere from late May to early August. The gestation period is 6 to 7 months. However, implantation of the fertilized eggs is delayed 4 to 5 months in order to give the mother time enough to build a reserve of fat for the cubs and her to live off of during hibernation. Birth occurs in the den during the hibernation period in mid to late February. There are usually 2 cubs (one male and one female) per offspring, weighing between 7 and 14 ounces. The cubs reach about 20 pounds by April or May when they leave the den. They hibernate with their mother again the next winter and then separate the following summer. Japanese Black Cub STATUS The Japanese black bear became extinct on the mountainous island of Kyushu back in the 1950s and is considered extinct on the island of Shikoku. Only on Eastern Honshu are the black bears considered to be healthy. However, even the bears on the main island of Honshu still have to deal with continuous human disturbance. Much of the bears' original habitat has been lost due to the establishment of mono-cultural timber plantations that started in the 1940s during World War II when Japan needed the resources. Such uncontrolled harvesting and deforestation has continued to expand, forcing the bears into villages and farm areas where they are considered by the people to be a nuisance. Japanese black bears continue to be killed for the sake of the economy. In order to control "bear nuisances", hunters work on a voluntary basis because they are allowed to keep what they kill and sell the bears' body parts. There are thought to be fewer than 10,000 black bears in Japan.
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Post by King Kodiak on Dec 28, 2019 5:38:20 GMT -5
Animal components in the diet of Japanese black bears Ursus thibetanus japonicus in the Kyoto area, Japan We measured stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of hair, muscle and potential food items of Japanese black bears Ursus thibetanus japonicus in Kyoto Prefecture and its surrounding area in order to determine the contributions of animal and plant foods. The δ13C values of hair samples of bears were −22.7 ± 0.4‰ in early summer, −22.8 ± 0.3‰ in late summer and −22.7 ± 0.7‰ in autumn, while δ15N values were 3.5 ± 0.4‰ in early summer, 3.2 ± 0.4‰ in late summer and 3.6 ± 0.5‰ in autumn. The δ13C values of muscle samples of bears were −24.6‰ in early summer, −23.2‰ in late summer and −23.1 ± 0.3‰ in autumn, while δ15N values of bears captured were 3.7‰ in early summer, 5.0‰ in late summer and 4.5 ± 0.7‰ in autumn. We determined the isotopic endpoints of seven food groups from the isotope ratios of food groups and calculated the contribution of each food group using a stochastic method. Our results suggested that animal components were the major constituent of body tissue, contributing > 61% in all samples except for muscle samples collected in early summer. In muscle samples collected in early summer, none of the food items were estimated to be the major source. In cases in which the animal components were estimated to be major food sources, invertebrates were estimated to account for most of the animal components. It was concluded that animal components are an important source of tissue material in Japanese black bears in Kyoto and its surrounding area. www.researchgate.net/publication/232684045_Animal_components_in_the_diet_of_Japanese_black_bears_Ursus_thibetanus_japonicus_in_the_Kyoto_area_Japan
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hwn
Amphicynodon
Posts: 54
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Post by hwn on Apr 9, 2022 12:28:01 GMT -5
www.bearsoftheworld.net/japanese_black_bears.asp 与其他亚洲黑熊一样,日本黑熊(Ursus thibetanus japonicus)的胸部通常有淡黄色的新月形标记。在日本,它也被称为tsukinowaguma,意思是月亮圆熊。日本黑熊栖息地本州东部是日本唯一一个黑熊有据点的地方。据推测,熊的家园范围在 10 到 15 平方英里之间,但这可能会因食物供应和人类侵占而有所不同。熊的栖息地变得更加支离破碎和退化,它们可能被迫走更远的距离才能生存。山区的熊在冬季大部分时间在地面上积雪的地方冬眠。雪通过在它们的巢穴上充当绝缘毯来帮助它们保持温暖。黑熊是优秀的登山者。它们在树上和陡峭的山坡上筑巢,在日语中称为 enza,用来吃饭、休息或睡觉。它们还栖息在空心树上、大岩石下或地下。特征除了体型小一些之外,日本黑熊看起来与亚洲黑熊的平均水平非常相似。平均而言,它们的长度在 43 到 60 英寸之间,重量在 130 到 260 磅之间。女性的体型约为男性的 75%。大多数日本黑熊是夜间活动的。然而,这部分与位置和熊倾向于避开人类的事实有关。 饮食日本黑熊全年主要以植物为食。根据一年中的不同时间,他们的饮食包括橡子、山毛榉坚果、橡树坚果、绿芽、樱桃、蚂蚁和其他昆虫。橡子是熊在秋季最重要的食物,在进入冬眠之前为它们提供足够的体脂。日本黑熊是杂食性动物。它会吃青蛙、蜥蜴、螃蟹和腐肉等小动物。然而,它很少猎杀动物,主要以植物为食。日本的黑熊做的另一件事是啃树皮以获取有价值的木材树的边材。不幸的是,这会损坏甚至杀死树木,对木材工业产生负面影响。为了减少这个问题,每年都有许多熊被杀死。 配种雌性在 3 到 4 岁之间成熟。繁殖季节是从五月下旬到八月初。妊娠期为6至7个月。然而,受精卵的植入被推迟了 4 到 5 个月,以便让母亲有足够的时间为幼崽和她在冬眠期间建立脂肪储备。在二月中下旬的冬眠期间,在巢穴中出生。每个后代通常有 2 只幼崽(一只雄性和一只雌性),体重在 7 到 14 盎司之间。到 4 月或 5 月,当幼崽离开巢穴时,它们的体重会达到约 20 磅。他们在下一个冬天再次与母亲冬眠,然后在下一个夏天分开。日本黑幼崽STATUS日本黑熊早在 1950 年代就在多山的九州岛上灭绝,在四国岛上被认为已经灭绝。只有在东本州,黑熊才被认为是健康的。然而,即使是本州本岛的熊市,仍要应对不断的人为干扰。由于在二战期间日本需要资源的 1940 年代开始建立单一文化的木材种植园,许多熊的原始栖息地已经丧失。这种不受控制的采伐和森林砍伐继续扩大,迫使熊进入人们认为它们是滋扰的村庄和农场。为了经济,日本黑熊继续被杀。为了控制“熊的滋扰”,猎人在自愿的基础上工作,因为他们被允许保留他们杀死的东西并出售熊的身体部位。据认为,日本的黑熊数量不到 10,000 只。 Japanese black bears, like their sika deer, have achieved incredible growth. In recent years, they catch more than 5,000 black bears every year.
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hwn
Amphicynodon
Posts: 54
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Post by hwn on Apr 9, 2022 12:34:26 GMT -5
Some big Japanese black bears can weigh over 200kg. Attachments:
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hwn
Amphicynodon
Posts: 54
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Post by hwn on Apr 9, 2022 12:39:37 GMT -5
237kg Japanese black bear, I can hardly verify its authenticity. Attachments:
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Post by brobear on Apr 9, 2022 13:17:22 GMT -5
237 kilograms is equal to 522.50 pounds. Yes, that's a big Asiatic black bear. Above the prey-size of tigers. *Edit and add: according to Reply #2 ( quote ) Other than the fact that they are a bit smaller, Japanese black bears appear very much like the average Asian black bear. On average, they measure between 43 and 60 inches in length and weigh between 130 and 260 pounds. Females measure approximately 75 percent the size of males.
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