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Post by malikc6 on Sept 21, 2020 15:51:37 GMT -5
Outweighed by 80 lbs and one shotted. Poor bear didn't stand a chance.
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Post by King Kodiak on Sept 21, 2020 15:55:54 GMT -5
Outweighed by 80 lbs and one shotted. Poor bear didn't stand a chance. No, the male bear weighted around 300 kg (661 lbs), the female bear weighted around 100 kg (220 lbs). Outweighted by around 440 lbs.
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Post by King Kodiak on Sept 21, 2020 16:00:03 GMT -5
And there is alot of talk about if bears, tigers, and lions can kill with "one strike". Some believe, some dont. In this case, i can definitely believe it because the dead bear was very small. But grizzlies killing moose or other large bovines with one strike, that no, not very likely. But i believe a bear can kill smaller animals with one well placed strike, like a wolf, or a cougar.
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Post by malikc6 on Sept 21, 2020 16:04:16 GMT -5
Outweighed by 80 lbs and one shotted. Poor bear didn't stand a chance. No, the male bear weighted around 300 kg (661 lbs), the female bear weighted around 100 kg (220 lbs). Outweighted by around 440 lbs.
Translation issue. Either way that's impressive.
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Post by brobear on Sept 21, 2020 16:09:21 GMT -5
Quote: The Milla bear that was killed weighed about 100 pounds, while the big male bear had gained almost 300 pounds.
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Post by King Kodiak on Sept 21, 2020 16:18:20 GMT -5
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Post by OldGreenGrolar on Feb 22, 2021 8:25:48 GMT -5
I think this bear is from the same scientific name as the Carpathian brown bear used in fights during the Roman's arena but the latter is much larger and more aggressive than the former.
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Post by King Kodiak on Feb 22, 2021 8:42:16 GMT -5
I think this bear is from the same scientific name as the Carpathian brown bear used in fights during the Roman's arena but the latter is much larger and more aggressive than the former. That is exactly right, today they are both Ursus arctos arctos. Formerly the Cantabrian brown bear was Ursus arctos pyrenaicus. And yes, the Carpathian population is much larger and more aggressive.
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Post by OldGreenGrolar on Feb 22, 2021 19:54:25 GMT -5
There is one account of the cantabrian brown bear killing a female of its own kind. Personally I would rank its aggression one step above the Himalayan brown bear.
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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 7, 2021 15:25:10 GMT -5
Ants: A food source sought by Slovenian brown bears (Ursus arctos)?
Abstract and Figures
In the heavily managed boreal forest of Scandinavia, ants, especially large colonies of red forest ants (Formica spp.), are abundant and brown bears (Ursus arctos) intensively feed on them. In contrast, the beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests of Slovenia provide only suboptimal habitat for ants and large ant colonies are virtually absent. To quantify how much ant use by brown bears is a matter of availability or preference, we quantified ant availability, species composition, and ant use. The estimated biomass of ants available to brown bears was very low in Slovenia compared with those in Sweden, averaging 135 vs. 9600 g/ha, respectively. Nevertheless, the frequency of occurrence of ants in Slovenian brown bear scats was high, averaging 85% and accounting for 25% of the ingested dry mass during the summer, which was nearly as much as their frequency of occurrence in Swedish brown bear scats during the summer. Although brown bears in Slovenia had year-round access to artificial feeding sites and the availability of ants is only about 1% of the biomass found in Sweden, they consumed about 50% of the quantity of ants compared with the brown bears in Sweden. Our results show that ants are an important and sought-after food source for brown bears in Slovenia, and the occurrence of ants should be considered in habitat-suitability models.
www.researchgate.net/publication/233511528_Ants_A_food_source_sought_by_Slovenian_brown_bears_Ursus_arctos
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Post by OldGreenGrolar on Mar 7, 2021 22:56:34 GMT -5
/\ Looks like Slovenian brown bears are highly insectivorous in comparison to their Swedish counterparts.
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Post by King Kodiak on Mar 19, 2021 19:48:19 GMT -5
BODY SIZE VARIATION OF BROWN BEAR IN FINLAND
Abstract
Brown bear (Ursus arctos) can be predicted to have larger autumn body mass in the north than south because the duration of winter dormancy lengthens towards the north. We examined variation of body size among hunter-killed female and male brown bears within a latitudal range of 60 and 68°N in Finland. The body size of males (mass, contour length) decreased towards the north while our data did not indicate such a trend in females. Our results do not coincide with Bergmann's rule suggesting increasing body size with decreasing ambient temperature, probably owing to energy-saving winter dormancy during which brown bear is not overtly exposed to weather conditions. Secondly, possible differences in the quality of green forage might not largely influence the nutrition of an omnivorous mammal.
... The size of female bears has important implications for individuals and populations, as it has been positively related to factors such as litter size, interbirth interval, and the size and survival of the young in studies comparing both populations and individuals within a population (Rogers 1976;Blanchard 1987;Stringham 1990aStringham , 1990bSchwartz and Franzmann 1991;Derocher and Stirling 1994, 1996, 1998Atkinson and Ramsay 1995;Samson and Huot 1995;Hilderbrand et al. 1999a). Several studies of bears have documented geographical differences in size (Derocher and Stirling 1998;Hilderbrand et al. 1999a;Ferguson and McLoughlin 2000;Kojola and Laitala 2001;Derocher and Wiig 2002). ...
... Other hypotheses suggest that size should be positively correlated with primary productivity (Rozenweig 1968), and, similarly, that female brown bears should be larger in areas with high population density, high primary productivity, and low seasonality (Ferguson and McLoughlin 2000), although Hilderbrand et al. (1999a) analyzed the amount of meat in the diet in almost the same populations of brown bears as Ferguson and McLoughlin (2000) and found that female body size correlated well with the proportion of meat in the diet. Kojola and Laitala (2001) found that the rate of growth among male, but not female, brown bears in Finland was positively correlated with the length of the growing season. Others have found little or no relationships between sizes of bears over large geographical areas (McNab 1971;Kingsley et al. 1988), or that many populations were similar in size, but some groups differed from others (Derocher and Stirling 1998;Ferguson and McLoughlin 2000). ...
... Except for Kojola and Laitala (2001), all of these studies have been conducted in North America. Also, these studies have often used a combination of spring and autumn body masses as a basis for comparison (see Stringham 1990aStringham , 1990bMcLellan 1994;Hilderbrand et al. 1999a;Ferguson and McLoughlin 2000). ...
. Salmon are not an available food source in northern Alaska, and although bears have access to abundant caribou (Rangifer tarandus) populations in some parts of the region (Mowat and Heard 2006;Reynolds and Garner 1987), access to these migratory caribou varies over space and time, resulting in bears having a primarily vegetarian diet (Hechtel 1985). In addition, bears at high latitudes have longer denning periods due to more severe climatic conditions (Ferguson and McLoughlin 2000;Kojola and Laitala 2001;Rausch 1969). A low-quality diet and a reduced period of active foraging would reduce the ultimate size bears can attain (Rode et al. 2001;Welch et al. 1997) and also influence productivity and population density. ...
... Brown bear populations in Alaska are clearly more complex than simplistic categories of ''brown'' versus ''grizzly'' bears. This variability reflects complex interactions between growth and body size and a diversity of factors including the availability of high-quality food resources (Hilderbrand et al. 1999b;Mowat and Heard 2006), climate (Ferguson and McLoughlin 2000;Kojola and Laitala 2001;Rausch 1969), population density (Zedrosser et al. 2006), and the intensity of polygyny (Capellini 2007;Leutenegger 1978;Weckerly 1998). Despite this variation, management actions such as sustainable exploitation rates (Miller 1990) are often accepted as fixed across diverse brown bear populations. ...
. Kennedy et al. (2002) examined body size in black bears ranging from the Eastern United States to Canada and found the largest bears residing in the southern states of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. Both Rausch (1963) and Kojola and Laitala (2001) found that brown bears do adhere to Bergmann's Rule with the caveat that the influence of salmon must be considered (Meiri et al. 2004). A broad perspective on the relationship between bear body size and latitude is informative as context for managers as they assess geographic, regional, and local drivers of body size. ...
... Many species of mammalian predators demonstrate significant relationships between the quality of the environment, defined as the accessibility and the quality of the food, and their body mass. In richer environments, predators attain greater body mass (Cavallini 1995;Gorta´zar, Travaini & Delibes 2000;Kojola & Laitala 2001); however, this relationship is usually weakly expressed in small predators hunting on relatively small prey (Ve´zina 1985;Larivie`re & Creˆte 1993). Only in the stoat (Mustela erminea) is there the direct dependence between the index of mean body mass of the prey (calculated as the product of body mass and proportion of the potential prey in the prey community) and the average body mass of the predator (Erlinge 1987;King 1991). ...
www.researchgate.net/publication/251849585_Body_size_variation_of_brown_bear_in_Finland
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Post by tom on Mar 20, 2021 9:24:12 GMT -5
This statement is absolutely true. You pluck a barren ground grizzly out of central or northern Alaska and give him a home in Katmai NP for the remainder of his life and most definitely he will increase his body size quite a bit provided he is still relatively young.
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Post by brobear on Mar 20, 2021 9:51:45 GMT -5
I believe that the brown bear's ability to vary so greatly in body size according to environment and food availability was another key factor in his surviving to the end of the last Ice Age while the giant short-faced bears perished. Black bears can vary in size to, but to a lesser extent.
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Post by brobear on May 10, 2021 1:59:46 GMT -5
www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/liechtenstein-prince-accused-of-poaching-europes-largest-bear/ar-BB1gtkE9?fbclid=IwAR0m6DpeVPLhamKpzeH1gjbOkrX1cuDfjIztcRjueHCb6Yn0tStScHzLUWE Liechtenstein prince accused of poaching Europe’s largest bear At 17 years old, the brown bear known as “Arthur” may have been the largest in all of Europe. But conservationists admit it’s hard to know for sure — after all, it’s not like the continent’s bears line up every year to be measured. Arthur’s remarkable size may turn out to have unexpected political significance. A young prince from the tiny nation of Liechtenstein is accused of killing the bear during a trophy hunt in Romania, and authorities have launched an investigation into whether he did so illegally. Romania’s prime minister, meanwhile, is facing criticism for downplaying the incident by claiming that there are bigger bears. Home to the largest number of brown bears in the European Union, a point of national pride, Romania bans trophy hunting but allows exceptions when bears are threatening people or killing farm animals. Prince Emanuel von und zu Liechtenstein was granted a permit to kill a female bear, who had been menacing a village in the Carpathian Mountains, according to environmental groups. But somehow Arthur, who lived in a nature reserve nearby, ended up getting killed instead. “It is clear that the prince did not come to solve the problem of the locals but to kill the bear and take home the biggest trophy to hang it on the wall,” Gabriel Paun, the president of Romanian environmental group Agent Green, said in a statement. “We are dealing with a game of poaching, since they shot the wrong bear.” The 32-year-old prince, who lives in a palace in Austria and is 16th in the line of succession for Liechtenstein’s monarchy, has largely declined to comment on his March hunting trip. “Personally, I do not want to get involved in the discussion in any way,” he told Swiss newspaper Blick in his only public response. Lichtenstein’s royal family did not respond immediately to a request for comment. Romania’s National Environment Guard launched an investigation in April after discovering that a male bear, rather than a female bear, had been killed and that key documents were missing. Government paperwork viewed by the Associated Press indicated that the prince had “harvested” a 17-year-old brown bear after paying roughly $8,400 and obtaining a four-day hunting permit. Conservationists have been monitoring Arthur for nine years, according to Agent Green. During that time, he remained concealed in the depths of the forest and never sought out contact with humans, the environmental group says. Activists have questioned how an experienced hunter could have mistaken a massive male bear for a female. “The corpse’s measurements indicate that Arthur had 593 points out of 600, which is the maximum possible in the trophy hunting industry. I have never heard of such a record score before,” Paun said. Romanian Prime Minister Florin Cîțu attempted to quell the controversy on Wednesday, telling reporters that “not all the information in the public space is correct” and “it seems that he was not the biggest bear.” But that hasn’t stopped angry Romanians from spamming the TripAdvisor page for the prince’s Austrian castle with thousands of one-star reviews that say, “Arthur, Romania.” Environmentalists say that the incident demonstrates that Romania needs stronger protections for its bears, and that the loophole that allows people to hunt “problem bears” can too easily be abused.
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Post by brobear on May 10, 2021 2:00:47 GMT -5
Arthur
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Post by OldGreenGrolar on May 12, 2021 20:15:24 GMT -5
BEARS IN SWEDEN Bears can be found in the Northern two thirds of Sweden. Central Sweden with Dalarna, Gävleborg and Jämtland are the most densely populated areas with Bears in Sweden, perhaps even in Europe. How to see Bears in Sweden: European Brown Bears are shy, peaceful and very difficult to see in the wild. Some people are lucky to spot bears as they feed on grass and herbs in open meadows and fields during May and June, before the berry season has begun. Others may see bears in the mountains when they feed on berries during late Summer and Autumn. To increase your chances to see bears in the forest, go with a professional wildlife tracker. These Brown Bear watching tours gives you good chances to watch and photograph Bears in the wild. FACTS ABOUT BEARS IN SWEDEN Scientific name: Ursus arctos Height: 100 – 280 cm, up to 135 cm to the shoulder Weight: 60 – 100 kg (female) 100 – 250 kg (male) Lifespan: 20 – 30 years Hibernation period: October/November – April/May Mating period: May – June Breeding period: January – February The Swedish Brown Bear population has grown to a number of at about 3000 individuals, distributed across the central and northern parts of Sweden. Adult bears generally weigh between 100-300 kg for males and 60-200 for females. Bears are very shy and do not attack people, but should be respected and kept at a distance. The most common way to see a Brown Bear is from these Brown Bear photo hides in Gästrikland. www.wildsweden.com/about/the-wild-animals#:~:text=The%20Swedish%20Brown%20Bear%20population,and%20kept%20at%20a%20distance. The Swedish brown bear is not that large for a brown bear and is relatively docile compared to most brownies.
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Post by brobear on Jul 15, 2021 0:39:31 GMT -5
www.researchgate.net/publication/226066053_Brown_bear_body_mass_and_growth_in_northern_and_southern_Europe We tested six hypotheses to explain expected geographical differences in body masses of 1,771 brown bears (Ursus arctos) from northern and southern Europe (Sweden and Norway compared with Slovenia and Croatia): Bergmann’s rule, the fasting endurance hypothesis, and the dietary meat hypothesis, which predicted larger bears in the north; and hypotheses stressing the role of high primary productivity, high population density, low seasonality, and length of the growing season, which predicted larger bears in the south. Although brown bear populations in North America vary greatly in body mass, we found no significant difference in body mass between the two European populations using a new analytical approach incorporating modeled age-standardized body masses in linear models, when correcting for sex and season. The greater variation in North America may be due primarily to the presence of large bears that feed on salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), which does not occur in Europe. Asymptotic body masses were 115±9 (SE) kg in spring and 141±9kg in autumn for southern females, 248±25 and 243±24kg for southern males, 96±2 and 158±4kg for northern females, and 201±4 and 273±6kg for northern males, respectively. Northern bears gained more body mass before hibernation and lost more during hibernation than southern bears, probably because hibernation was twice as long in the north. Northern bears gained and southern bears lost mass during the spring, perhaps due to the greater availability and use of protein-rich food in spring in the north. As reproductive success in bears is correlated with adult female body mass in interpopulation comparisons, brown bears may have relatively similar reproductive rates throughout Europe, although minimum age at primiparity and litter interval are lower in the south
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Post by brobear on Oct 11, 2021 5:16:51 GMT -5
news.mongabay.com/2020/10/as-predators-return-to-swedens-wild-ecotourism-looks-to-change-mindsets/ As predators return to Sweden’s wild, ecotourism looks to change mindsets. Back from extinction The brown bear (Ursus arctos), or grizzly as it’s known in North America, has a fearsome reputation across its range, where it’s often blamed for preying on livestock and attacking humans. Sweden had an estimated 1,650 bears in the mid-1800s. But hunting, encouraged by the state through the offer of bounties, pushed the population to about 700 by the mid-1990s, according to a study. More restrictive hunting policies since then, including a ban on killing mother bears with cubs, have seen the bear population flourish. ( A 2018 study suggested that female bears were adapting to this loophole by keeping their cubs with them a year longer than previously. ) While hunting is still permitted in the summer months from late August to mid-October, there’s growing social awareness that bears aren’t the fearsome predators they’ve long been made out to be, and are instead shy animals that will avoid humans as much as possible.
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Post by brobear on Apr 21, 2022 4:07:53 GMT -5
Cantabrian brown bear en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantabrian_brown_bear The Cantabrian brown bear or Iberian brown bear, or just Iberian bear (scientifically Ursus arctos pyrenaicus) is a population of Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) living in the Cantabrian Mountains of Spain. On average, females weigh 85 kg (187 lb), but can reach a weight of 150 kg (330 lb). Males average 115 kg (254 lb), though they can weigh as much as 200 kg (440 lb). The bear measures between 1.6 and 2 m (5.2 and 6.6 ft) in length, and between 0.90 and 1 m (3.0 and 3.3 ft) at shoulder height. In Spain, it is known as the Oso pardo cantábrico and, more locally, in Asturias as Osu. It is timid and will avoid human contact whenever possible. The Cantabrian brown bear can live for around 25–30 years in the wild. Believed to have originated in Asia, the brown bear (Ursus arctos, L. 1758) spread across the Northern Hemisphere, colonising much of the Eurasian land mass as well as North America. Experts on bears are continuing debate on the scientific classification of bears, of which there are currently eight recognised species although some experts recognise more subspecies. In the early 20th century, Cabrera (1914) considered the Cantabrian brown bear to be a distinct subspecies of European brown bear (U. a. arctos; in itself a classification currently under debate) and named it Ursus arctos pyrenaicus (Fischer, 1829), characterised by the yellow colouring of the points of its hair and by its black paws. Since then however, phylogenetic and mitochondrial DNA research has led to the general scientific consensus that the European brown bear is not a separate subspecies. These recent studies have also found that the European populations fall into two major genetic lineages; an eastern type and a western type. The Cantabrian brown bear forms a part of the western type, the effective barriers of the Pleistocene ice sheets of the Alps and the Balkans having directed the spread of the brown bear respectively, north and eastwards and south and westwards. A further distinction of the two clades has been made within the western lineage following post-glacial recolonisation after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM); one consisting of the bear populations of Southern Scandinavia, the Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountains of Northern Spain and the other consisting of the bear populations of the Southern Alps, the Apennines, the Dinaric Alps, the Rila Mountains, the Rhodope Mountains and the Stara Planina Mountains. This leaves the remnant population of brown bears in the south of Sweden as the nearest relatives of the Cantabrian brown bear. The last indigenous, reproductive female in the Pyrenees, Canelle, was shot by a hunter in 2004. Brown bears from Slovenia are now being introduced to the Pyrenees. Having once roamed most of the Iberian peninsula, since the first half of the 20th century the Cantabrian brown bear has been reduced to two isolated populations in the Cantabrian mountains of Northern Spain, primarily through human persecution (direct hunting) and by loss of habitat due to agriculture and construction. These two populations occupy a combined territory total of between 5,000 – 7,000 km2 covering the provinces of, in the West, Asturias, León and Lugo (Galicia) and, in the east, Palencia, León, Cantabria and Asturias. Population figures from 2007 gave between 100-110 bears in the western enclave and between 20-30 in the eastern, a situation which put the smaller population at risk from in-breeding. The two populations are separated by some 30–40 km, a rupture which has been interpreted as the consequence of human pressure such as the development of communication infrastructures. However, in 2008 genetic evidence was obtained from Redes Natural Park indicating recent interbreeding between the two populations. In 2005 the presence of brown bears was reported near the Portuguese border (less than 20 km (12 mi)) on the Trevinca range, based on footprints left on a big mud pad. In 2019, one brown bear was confirmed by the Portuguese authorities to have roamed across the border, and evidence suggests this was not an isolated event, as footprints from the early months of the year and local sightings confirm. Bears had not been seen in Portugal for over a hundred years and were believed extinct.
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