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Eagle
Sept 23, 2021 10:17:50 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Sept 23, 2021 10:17:50 GMT -5
When it comes to interactions between eagles and vultures, what does everybody think? I will give my opinion later.
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Eagle
Sept 23, 2021 11:08:34 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Sept 23, 2021 11:08:34 GMT -5
An Unlikely Pair.
LIKE OLD FRIENDS meeting for lunch, a cinereous vulture and a juvenile Steller’s sea eagle pose for a camera trap set along a game trail in the Sikhote-Alin Reserve in Russia. While both cinereous vultures and Steller’s sea eagles are winter visitors to this corner of the southern Russian Far East, it’s possible that these two individuals had never encountered a member of the opposite species before. Steller’s sea eagles move south in winter from far northern places in Russia like Magadan and Kamchatka, but are relatively uncommon this far south. Cinereous vultures come east mostly from Mongolia, and are rare this far north along the Sea of Japan with no more than a few dozen records in the reserve since the 1960s. This might explain the eagle’s submission to the vulture — it had perhaps never seen another raptor so large — so it waited patiently for the vulture to finish eating before moving in to feed. What makes this encounter all the more remarkable is that it was captured completely by chance: when a deer was killed (or simply died) along the game trail, this camera happened to be in the perfect place to document the interactions of this unlikely pair. blog.wcs.org/photo/2018/03/30/an-unlikely-pair-camera-trap-vulture-eagle-russia/
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Eagle
Sept 25, 2021 11:35:55 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Sept 25, 2021 11:35:55 GMT -5
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Eagle
Sept 25, 2021 11:36:36 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Sept 25, 2021 11:36:36 GMT -5
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Eagle
Sept 25, 2021 22:32:58 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Sept 25, 2021 22:32:58 GMT -5
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Eagle
Sept 25, 2021 22:33:57 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Sept 25, 2021 22:33:57 GMT -5
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Eagle
Sept 26, 2021 2:38:33 GMT -5
Post by brobear on Sept 26, 2021 2:38:33 GMT -5
www.jstor.org/stable/56332 Old World vultures ( Africa and Asia ) are birds of prey while New World vultures ( possibly ) more closely related to sea gulls and storks. Abstract The phylogeny of 11 species of Old World vultures (Aves: Accipitriformes, Aegypiinae), three species of New World vultures (Cathartidae) and their nearest relatives within and outside the order Accipitriformes was investigated based on 1026 nucleotides of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. The data support the contention that New World vultures are not birds of prey, but phylogenetic information was insufficient to identify whether they are closer to storks (Ciconiidae) or to Accipitriformes. Four species of Gyps are all closely related and probably speciated within the Pleistocene. Molecular data do not support the split of `white-backed' vultures from Gyps in a separate genus Pseudogyps. The monotypic genera of large, heavy-billed vultures, Aegypius, Torgos, Trigonoceps and Sarcogyps, are of monophyletic origin. We propose to merge Torgos with Aegypius, but retain Trigonoceps and Sarcogyps as separate genera, Sarcogyps being clearly the most primitive of the four. All four, together with Gyps and Necrosyrtes, form a monophyletic subfamily or `core group', to which the subfamily Aegypiinae should be restricted. This group shares a more recent common ancestor with several non-vulture genera of Accipitrids, among them Buteo, Aquila, Haliaeetus and Circaetus, than it does with the two aberrent vultures Gypaetus barbatus and Neophron percnopterus. The last two are much more primitive; they seem to be each other's sister species and are closer to Pernis than to other Accipitrids. We propose separating Gypaetus and Neophron in the subfamily Gypaetinae. If the cytochrome b gene tree accurately reflects vulture phylogeny, Old World vultures are polyphyletic with the Aegypius-Gyps clade having evolved convergently to the more ancient Gypaetus and Neophron vultures. Polyphyly of Old World vultures, although in conflict with the DNA-DNA hybridization phylogeny of Sibley & Ahlquist (1990), is well supported by molecular, karyotypic, morphological and other phenotypic evidence (behaviour, voice) indicating fundamental differences between the two evolutionary lines.
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Eagle
Sept 26, 2021 2:43:50 GMT -5
Post by brobear on Sept 26, 2021 2:43:50 GMT -5
Eagles vs Vultures... ( IMO )... even though an eagle might be intimidated by the size of some vultures, the eagle is much better armed for combat.
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Eagle
Sept 26, 2021 9:22:18 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Sept 26, 2021 9:22:18 GMT -5
A martial eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus) vs a white-headed vulture (Trigonoceps occipitalis). A martial eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus) and a white-headed vulture (Trigonoceps occipitalis) were found on the ground, their claws planted one inside the other in Zambia, in October 2000. Although the vulture was dead, the eagle could not be released. The author managed to separate the claws of the vulture from the eagle's thigh, but he still had his claws on the chest of the vulture. The next day, the eagle, still weak, was perched on the vulture and had eaten a large part of its back. A day later, he had eaten his belly and the eagle flew when the observer approached. Although the Martial Eagle captures a wide variety of prey, including large birds, apparently this is the first catch that the species gives to another bird of prey. However, in the reported case, the Martial Eagle might not be trying to kill the vulture to eat it. Before his fatal encounter with the eagle, he was probably attracted to the body of an antelope killed by lions in the area. www.africanbirdclub.org/bulletins/abc-bulletin-151-march-2008/martial-eagle-polemaetus-bellicosus-apparently-killing-whitecarnivora.net/martial-eagle-polemaetus-bellicosus-t2414-s15.html#p88231
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Eagle
Oct 4, 2021 3:16:58 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Oct 4, 2021 3:16:58 GMT -5
Old world vultures in Africa (from strongest to weakest in beak strength): 1)Lappet faced vulture. 2)White headed vulture. 3)Cape griffon. 4)Ruppell’s griffon. 5)White backed vulture. 6)Hooded vulture. 7)Egyptian vulture.
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Eagle
Oct 9, 2021 5:50:24 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Oct 9, 2021 5:50:24 GMT -5
New world vultures: 1)Andean condor (South America). 2)Californian condor (North America). 3)King vulture (Central and South America). 4)Greater yellow headed vulture. 5)Lesser yellow headed vulture. 6)American black vulture. 7)Turkey vulture.
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Post by OldGreenGrolar on Oct 9, 2021 5:51:24 GMT -5
New world vultures and the powerful owl of Australia are the few bird of prey where males are larger than females.
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Eagle
Oct 17, 2021 6:53:13 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Oct 17, 2021 6:53:13 GMT -5
Vultures wait for eagles to find food, then swoop in, study shows.Vultures track scavenging birds of prey to lead them to food, then swoop in large groups to steal it, a study of birds in Kenya shows. The new research into vultures, which eat only dead animals, shows that they take their cue from tawny and steppe eagles. The eagles’ keen eyesight means they are better equipped than vultures to spot carrion. The vultures not only follow the eagles to animal carcasses, but wait until the eagles have torn open the hides with their strong beaks. The vultures then chase off the eagles and tuck in. Scientists say eagles do manage to eat before being chased off, and can continue hunting. A team of zoologists, including University of Edinburgh researchers, used mathematical models together with data from fieldwork in Kenya to study feeding behaviour. They filmed interactions between eagles and vultures at animal carcasses to confirm their findings. Researchers say their new insights highlight the importance of conserving eagles in order to protect vulture species, which are endangered because of loss of habitat, inadvertent poisoning, and hunting. Vultures play a key role in cleaning up dead and decaying animals, which reduces the risk to other animals of dangerous diseases such as anthrax. In their absence, dogs that carry rabies could increase in number and pose a threat to humans. The study, led by Trinity College Dublin and supported by the Wellcome Trust, was published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Dr Luke McNally, of the University of Edinburgh’s School of Biological Sciences, said: “Vultures already have a reputation for eating what other animals have already killed. Now we know that they also let other birds find this food and prepare it for eating. These remarkable results remind us that no species exists in isolation, and highlight the vital importance of taking an ecosystem approach to conserving vulture populations.” Syndicate Subscribe to Syndicate ciie.bio.ed.ac.uk/news/vultures-wait-eagles-find-food-then-swoop-study-showscarnivora.net/haast-s-eagle-v-giant-teratorn-t5414-s30.html#p197847
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Eagle
Oct 17, 2021 6:56:17 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Oct 17, 2021 6:56:17 GMT -5
Eagles vs Vultures : A Showcase of Producer–Scrounger Dynamics.This article discusses the underlying feeding behavior of two bird species, vultures versus eagles, and explores their evolutionary reinforcements using a game-theoretic model. The coexistence of these two carnivores inevitably leads to resource niche partitioning. As a result, interactions between the vulture and the eagle have led to the possibility of social information transfer between the two species. It has been observed that when one party grounds prey, the other party will follow to the scene soon after. Furthermore, it has been noted that eagles are more efficient at finding carrion, due to their evolutionary feats of speed, far-farsightedness, and powerful beaks. Vultures, on the other hand, are inefficient scouters (due to their large size, they cannot fly lengthy distances) and have weaker beaks (they cannot tear through the hide of carcasses). In this situation, the two avian species have what the literature refers to as a producer–scrounger game. This relationship exists typically when one party provides some kind of resource (information, product, food, etc.), while the other party picks off and consumes the provided resource. The vultures are evidently the ‘dominant’ species (size, pack, aggressiveness), and therefore they are able to favor scrounging, whereas the eagles have their best interest as producers. This case can be simplified into a game theory model. There are two parties: Vulture and Eagle. There are also two strategies: Producer and Scrounger. If both Vulture and Eagle take on the role as a Producers, the former will have to face fatigue along with competition, and the latter will have to face competition with the larger species vulture (eagles lose to vultures overall). If both Vulture and Eagle take on the role as Scroungers, the two will have to face competition with each other. If the Vulture is the Scrounger and the Eagle is the Producer, the Vulture will be able to conserve energy while the Eagle will have an exclusive share of the resource by arriving first (a ‘finder’s fee’). Finally, if the If the Vulture is the Producer and the Eagle is the Scrounger, the Vulture will face fatigue while the Eagle will have to face competition in order to eat. This model is provided in the example below (Note: The numbers are arbitrary. The emphasis is their proximity to one another) This model bears similar resemblance to the Hawk-Dove game, in which when both parties compete for the same role (example, Producer/Producer or Scrounger/Scrounger) both are affected negatively. It is advantageous for the Eagle to play as a Producer so that it minimizes its competition and also benefits off the ‘finder’s – fee’. It is advantageous for the vulture to play as a Scrounger so it can minimize its level of fatigue. Therefore, the dominant strategy of this game (Scrounger, Producer), in which both parties can maximize their gains. blogs.cornell.edu/info2040/2014/09/15/eagles-vs-vultures-a-showcase-of-producer-scrounger-dynamics/
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Eagle
Oct 17, 2021 8:36:49 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Oct 17, 2021 8:36:49 GMT -5
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Eagle
Oct 17, 2021 8:38:36 GMT -5
Post by OldGreenGrolar on Oct 17, 2021 8:38:36 GMT -5
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Eagle
Jun 30, 2022 9:11:37 GMT -5
Post by brobear on Jun 30, 2022 9:11:37 GMT -5
I have watched two videos of an eagle chasing off a grizzly. In one case, it was a bald eagle and in the other, it was golden eagle. My guess is that in both cases, the eagles were demonstrating their territorial behavior. Considering that the largest weight that an eagle might obtain is roughly 20 pounds, this is quite a feat. ( I'll have to search for those videos ). I'm betting that a harpy eagle could chase and remove a jaguar from her nesting location. I'm not saying that the eagle could defeat a jaguar in a face-off, although in such an unlikely event, the big cat could walk away with some major injuries.
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Eagle
Jun 30, 2022 9:12:51 GMT -5
Post by brobear on Jun 30, 2022 9:12:51 GMT -5
Bald Eagle vs Grizzly
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Eagle
Jun 30, 2022 9:15:24 GMT -5
Post by brobear on Jun 30, 2022 9:15:24 GMT -5
Bear raids eagle nest.
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Eagle
Jun 30, 2022 9:27:36 GMT -5
Post by brobear on Jun 30, 2022 9:27:36 GMT -5
GOLDEN EAGLE - winged raptor that even attacks wolves!
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